Here’s your answer:
The engine turns the flywheel. The flywheel mounts to the clutch which, in turn, rotates your tranny, turning your wheels when engaged. Once it starts turning, the FW’s weight KEEPS it turning for a certain amount of time. This amount of time is dictated by gravity, friction and it’s own mass (weight).
Heavier FWs stay rotating longer on their own and, hence, the RPM’s don’t drop quickly BUT they take longer to get going, as your engine has to spin this thing at 500 to 8500 RPM (takes power to get a piece of metal spinning that fast. Lighter FWs don’t take as much energy to spin, but they don’t stay spinning as long b/c there’s less mass.
For example, try spinning an empty plastic cup on it’s bottom. Pretty easy, eh? Once the cup falls ofer, it stops pretty quickly from friction with the table or floor or whatever you are spinning the cup on. Now, fill the cup with water and try again. Not only would that make a mess, it take much more strength to spin a full cup than an empty one. If there was a top on the cup, you’d find that even after it falls over it still takes longer to stop moving b/c there is more mass.
The point:
Lighter FW gets your RMP’s up FAST FAST FAST keeping you running in your powerband on quickly on your way BACK to the powerband. Imagine how fast your car gets to 60 with just you in it, then compare that to you and a 200lb friend trying to get to 60. It takes longer with the additional weight. The concept is similar. The engine has to turn a 20 lb FW very fast and get it going quickly. If you lighten the weight, the engine can turn it more quickly b/c it takes less energy to make a 16 lb FW turn at 8000 RPM than it takes to get a 20lb FW turning at 8000 RPM.
Without geting into the exact math the difference translates to this:
For every 1 Lb you remove from the FW weight, the engine rev like it’s pushing 25 pounds less total car weight (up to a certain point, of course)
Remember that the engine routes power to the flywheel which turns the transmission. Power is greatest at the flywheel, which is why most cars rate their HP “at the flywheel” and not at the wheels.