I’m pretty sure you need that ring, not sure about the gasket though. From what I can see, the ring pretty much looks like it acts like a gasket. I don’t think mine sticks out as far as yours.
Edit: Pic for comparison.
Also if you notice when you take the ring off, there would be a leak because the valve doesn’t completly seal.
thats the “fire ring” you are refering too. yes, you need it. the bevel side goes into the wastegate, so it should be flat where it meets your manifold. you can use a gasket, but it’ll eventually melt, and blow out, thus causing a leak. the fire ring acts as a gasket like elusiveguy said.
if you bolt the wastegate down to the manifold, the ring will press into the wastegate and sit flush. its suppose to be a really tight fit so it won’t leak.